NURS FPX 4900Assessment 1 Assessing the Problem Leadership Collaboration Communication Change Management and Policy Considerations PS
Microvascular Complications
Effect On Patient
The effects of diabetes mellitus are long-term multi-organ dysfunction. Consistent hyperglycemia and diabetes lead to the development of a proinflammatory microenvironment that causes various microvascular complications (Nguyen et al., 2012). The most commonly observed microvascular complications are neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. The initial unmanaged diabetes symptoms with poor glucose control and dietary management lead to later development of microvascular complications. It is predominantly evident at places where the glucose concentration is equal to the normal blood glucose (Khalil et al., 2017).
NURS FPX 4900Assessment 1 Assessing the Problem Leadership Collaboration Communication Change Management and Policy Considerations PS
It can be present in every age group mainly significant with the longer duration of diabetes. In patients with a long duration of diabetes type 2, onset at a young age, an increased tendency to develop microvascular complications is observed (Zoungas et al., 2014). The quality of health of patients reduces because of the health impact associated with microvascular complications. Diabetic retinopathy is the most common complication causing disruption of the blood vessels of the eyes eventually leading to blindness (Zhange et al., 2011). Diabetic neuropathy is associated with the risk of foot ulcers, gangrene, amputations, and several gastrointestinal tract disorders. It also causes other microvascular complications as well (Hotta et al., 2012). Diabetic nephropathy damages the blood vessels of the kidneys thus patient has to limit the dietary options (Jakhotia et al., 2018). The complications of microvascular damage disturb the normal quality of life of the patients. The overall health status of the patient causes additional stress and disturbs the sleep and eating patterns. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is mostly observed in diabetes type 2 patients (Antza et al., 2021). The long hospital stays isolated with multiple health issues enhances the stress and mortality fear in patients (Nikmat et al., 2015).